Concept Map: Clotting & Coagulation (DVT & PE)

This study pack covers clinical concept mapping and clinical decision-making for altered clotting mechanisms (coagulation), specifically focusing on deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) in post-surgical care. Designed for Level 3 ASN and BSN nursing students, the materials guide learners through recognizing clinical cues, analyzing pathophysiology, prioritizing nursing diagnoses, and formulating evidence-based therapeutic interventions. Through a structured clinical case study of a post-operative patient following knee replacement surgery, learners evaluate classic manifestations of venous thromboembolism, including sudden pleuritic chest pain, dyspnea, tachycardia, hypoxia, and lower-extremity unilateral edema. The pack details clinical reasoning using the SBAR framework and the Clinical Judgment Measurement Model, highlighting urgent diagnostics such as CT pulmonary angiography, critical vitals stabilization, continuous telemetry, and initiation of anticoagulant therapy alongside bleeding precautions. ### Course Outline: - **Module 1: Pathophysiology of Coagulation & Thromboembolism:** Virchow’s triad, hypercoagulability, vascular injury, and venous stasis following orthopedic surgery. - **Module 2: Clinical Cue Recognition & SBAR Communication:** Identifying tachypnea, acute chest pain, desaturation, and unilateral leg swelling. - **Module 3: Nursing Diagnostic Hypotheses:** Prioritizing impaired gas exchange, ineffective peripheral tissue perfusion, and acute pain. - **Module 4: Evidence-Based Clinical Interventions:** Oxygen titration, anticoagulant administration, hemodynamic monitoring, fall and bleeding precautions. - **Module 5: Evaluation & Outcome Metrics:** Target SpO2 ≥ 94%, normalized capillary refill, pain reduction, and stabilization of vital signs.